{"id":1518,"date":"2022-05-29T14:21:56","date_gmt":"2022-05-29T11:21:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.psycovery.ro\/?p=1518"},"modified":"2022-06-09T12:03:39","modified_gmt":"2022-06-09T09:03:39","slug":"doua-tipuri-de-gandire","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.psycovery.ro\/?p=1518","title":{"rendered":"Dou\u0103 tipuri de g\u00e2ndire"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Exist\u0103 dou\u0103&nbsp;tipuri de g\u00e2ndire care asigur\u0103 interfa\u021ba navig\u0103rii prin dou\u0103 tipuri de teritoriu:&nbsp;<em>algoritmic\u0103&nbsp;<\/em>(\u00een teritoriu explorat)&nbsp;\u015fi&nbsp;<em>euristic\u0103&nbsp;<\/em>(\u00een teritoriu neexplorat). Carl Jung descria cele dou\u0103&nbsp;tipuri de g\u00e2ndire ale min\u0163ii umane astfel: unul direc\u0163ionat, articulat, supus rigorilor logicii&nbsp;\u0219i cauzalit\u0103\u0163ii, \u00een care vehiculul informa\u0163iei este predominant limbajul, ordonat \u00een secven\u021be temporale (g\u00e2ndire algoritmic\u0103),&nbsp;\u0219i cel\u0103lalt, asociativ, iner\u0163ial, atemporal &#8211; ce ar putea fi este amestecat cu ce a fost &#8211; \u00een care vehiculul informa\u0163iei este predominant simbolic (g\u00e2ndirea euristic\u0103). G\u00e2ndirea algoritmic\u0103, direc\u0163ionat\u0103, articulat\u0103, cauzal\u0103, este ceea ce folosim atunci c\u00e2nd viz\u0103m accesul la avantaje adaptative cunoscute, prin intermediul strategiilor rezolutive cunoscute. Structurile categoriale implicate \u00een acest tip de navigare sunt riguros separate, clare&nbsp;\u015fi puternic contextualizate. G\u00e2ndirea euristic\u0103, asociativ\u0103, este ceea ce folosim atunci c\u00e2nd vis\u0103m (\u00een somn sau cu ochii deschi\u0219i), c\u00e2nd ascult\u0103m un basm, c\u00e2nd contempl\u0103m sau ne exprim\u0103m printr-un act artistic sau c\u00e2nd ne confrunt\u0103m cu situa\u0163ii ambigue \u00een care nu cunoa\u015ftem \u00eenc\u0103&nbsp;semnifica\u021biile adaptative. Structurile categoriale specifice navig\u0103rii prin ape neexplorate sunt slab diferen\u0163iate, permi\u0163\u00e2nd con\u0163inuturilor s\u0103&nbsp;circule liber&nbsp;\u015fi s\u0103&nbsp;se amestece \u00eentre ele, gener\u00e2nd noutate ca r\u0103spuns la noutate. Este \u201clocul\u201d unde se nasc ideile. G\u00e2ndirea articulat\u0103&nbsp;izvor\u0103\u0219te din necesitatea de a comunica &#8211; ne organiz\u0103m experien\u0163ele \u00een reprezent\u0103ri ce pot fi f\u0103cute cunoscute celorlal\u0163i. Este locul unde ideile \u00eembrac\u0103&nbsp;forme culturale &#8211; inteligibile&nbsp;\u015fi transmisibile. Limbajul este o form\u0103&nbsp;diferen\u0163iat\u0103&nbsp;a sunetelor produse pentru a comunica celorlal\u021bi fie o stare de pericol, fie o reu\u015fit\u0103, fie o descoperire remarcabil\u0103&nbsp;(onomatopeele conserv\u0103&nbsp;aceast\u0103&nbsp;caracteristic\u0103&nbsp;arhaic\u0103). O&nbsp;\u0219tire tv care prezint\u0103&nbsp;o situa\u0163ie economic\u0103, de exemplu, este versiunea actualizat\u0103&nbsp;a&nbsp;\u0163ip\u0103tului ancestral care semnaliza celorlal\u021bi c\u0103&nbsp;un&nbsp;\u0219arpe a urcat \u00een copac sau c\u0103&nbsp;un leopard d\u0103&nbsp;t\u00e2rcoale.<\/p><p>Spre deosebire de procesarea asociativ\u0103, g\u00e2ndirea articulat\u0103&nbsp;presupune un volum mare de efort deoarece elaborarea g\u00e2ndului con\u015ftient, pentru a putea fi transmis \u00eentr-o manier\u0103&nbsp;inteligibil\u0103, trebuie s\u0103 \u021bin\u0103&nbsp;cont de rigorile&nbsp;\u015fi limit\u0103rile culturii &#8211; trebuie s\u0103&nbsp;ai m\u0103car o idee despre cum g\u00e2nde\u0219te destinatarul, ce semnifica\u0163ii atribuie el formelor de expresie pe care urmeaz\u0103&nbsp;s\u0103&nbsp;le folose\u015fti etc.&nbsp;\u015ei presupune un efort de asimilare cultural\u0103&nbsp;&#8211; trebuie s\u0103-\u0163i \u00eensu\u0219e\u015fti mai \u00eent\u00e2i simbolurile&nbsp;\u015fi modalit\u0103\u021bile limbajului oral, scris etc. Din acest motiv, este lent\u0103, greoaie&nbsp;\u015fi inadaptat\u0103&nbsp;la situa\u0163ii ambigue \u00een care pericolul ar impune necesitatea unor reac\u021bii rapide. Un individ panicat \u00eentr-o mul\u0163ime de oameni comunic\u0103&nbsp;pericolul url\u00e2nd, nu explic\u00e2nd detaliat ce se petrece.<\/p><p>Cele dou\u0103&nbsp;tipuri de g\u00e2ndire nu se afl\u0103&nbsp;\u00een antitez\u0103, a\u015fa cum ar putea p\u0103rea la prima vedere, ci \u00eentr-un raport de complementaritate. G\u00e2ndirea asociativ\u0103&nbsp;este func\u021bie a re\u021belei modului default&nbsp;\u0219i reprezint\u0103&nbsp;interfa\u021ba dintre organism&nbsp;\u0219i noutate, necunoscut, acesta fiind contextul evolu\u0163iei sale. Ambiguitatea reprezent\u0103rilor specifice acestui tip de g\u00e2ndire corespunde ambiguit\u0103\u021bii necunoscutului &#8211; obiectele&nbsp;\u015fi rela\u0163iile cu acestea exist\u0103&nbsp;doar \u00een plan poten\u0163ial. G\u00e2ndirea articulat\u0103, rodul re\u021belei central-executive, serve\u0219te organiz\u0103rii con\u021binutului rezultat \u00een urma explor\u0103rii nout\u0103\u021bii, fix\u00e2nd noile informa\u0163ii \u00een categorii de reprezent\u0103ri transmisibile, transform\u00e2nd astfel necunoscutul \u00een familiar&nbsp;\u015fi aduc\u00e2nd obiectul din plan poten\u0163ial \u00een plan existen\u0163ial. C\u00e2nd explor\u0103m noutatea, explor\u0103m \u00eentotdeauna o posibilitate care nu este altceva dec\u00e2t o idee generat\u0103&nbsp;de g\u00e2ndirea asociativ\u0103, de intui\u0163ie. \u00centr-un sens mai larg, am putea spune c\u0103&nbsp;g\u00e2ndirea asociativ\u0103&nbsp;corespunde Naturii, fiind un precursor pentru g\u00e2ndirea articulat\u0103&nbsp;care corespunde Culturii, al c\u0103rei rost este cel de a articula&nbsp;\u0219i comunica inteligibil produsul celeilalte.<\/p><p>Numitorul comun al celor dou\u0103&nbsp;forme de g\u00e2ndire este&nbsp;<em>ac\u021biunea<\/em>. Indiferent de gradul de abstractizare sau de articulare, reprezent\u0103rile con\u0163in \u00eentotdeauna informa\u0163ii despre ac\u021biune. Cortexul prefrontal a evoluat \u00een prelungirea cortexului motor. G\u00e2ndirea poate fi definit\u0103&nbsp;ca fiind o form\u0103&nbsp;abstract\u0103&nbsp;de explorare &#8211; capacitatea de a investiga, departe de riscurile ac\u021biunii motrice directe. 1 + 1 = 2 reprezint\u0103&nbsp;orice ac\u021biune de a aduce \u00eempreun\u0103&nbsp;dou\u0103&nbsp;obiecte, \u00eentr-o singur\u0103&nbsp;structur\u0103. Cea mai complex\u0103&nbsp;formul\u0103&nbsp;matematic\u0103&nbsp;reprezint\u0103, \u00een fond, un model abstract al manipul\u0103rii obiectelor. Acest aspect este evident atunci c\u00e2nd vorbim la telefon&nbsp;\u015fi gesticul\u0103m. Mintea uman\u0103&nbsp;func\u021bioneaz\u0103&nbsp;ca un simulator \u00een care ne confrunt\u0103m cu diverse situa\u0163ii cu poten\u021bial periculos, construim scenarii, conducem experimente, simul\u0103m posibile solu\u0163ii, f\u0103r\u0103&nbsp;a fi nevoi\u021bi s\u0103&nbsp;suport\u0103m \u00een mod real consecin\u021bele e\u0219ecului.<\/p><p>*text din P\u0103noiu, F. (2020).\u00a0<em>Arhitectura Experien\u021bei Umane<\/em>\u00a0(Bucure\u0219ti: Ed. Universitar\u0103): 84-86.<\/p><p>**pentru referin\u021be, consult\u0103 publica\u021bia<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Exist\u0103 dou\u0103&nbsp;tipuri de g\u00e2ndire care asigur\u0103 interfa\u021ba navig\u0103rii prin dou\u0103 tipuri de teritoriu:&nbsp;algoritmic\u0103&nbsp;(\u00een teritoriu explorat)&nbsp;\u015fi&nbsp;euristic\u0103&nbsp;(\u00een teritoriu neexplorat). Carl Jung descria cele dou\u0103&nbsp;tipuri de g\u00e2ndire ale min\u0163ii umane astfel: unul direc\u0163ionat, articulat, supus rigorilor logicii&nbsp;\u0219i cauzalit\u0103\u0163ii, \u00een care vehiculul informa\u0163iei este predominant limbajul, ordonat \u00een secven\u021be temporale (g\u00e2ndire algoritmic\u0103),&nbsp;\u0219i cel\u0103lalt, asociativ, iner\u0163ial, atemporal &#8211; ce ar [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1518","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-servicii"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.psycovery.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1518","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.psycovery.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.psycovery.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.psycovery.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.psycovery.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1518"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.psycovery.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1518\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1562,"href":"https:\/\/www.psycovery.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1518\/revisions\/1562"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.psycovery.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1518"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.psycovery.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1518"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.psycovery.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1518"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}